Zogulitsa

Mu nyama zambiri zomwe zimakhala ndi ma chromosome ogonana a X ndi Y, njira zamtundu wa chromosome zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kulinganiza mafotokozedwe amtundu wa X mwa amuna ndi akazi.Mu ntchentche ya Drosophila melanogaster, njira yolipirira mlingo imafikiranso ma transgenes olumikizidwa ndi X.Kupitilira mizera 70 ya gulu la nkhosa zaku Australia Lucilia cuprina yapangidwa ngati gawo loyesera kupanga mitundu ya amuna okha kuti pakhale pulogalamu yowongolera ma genetic a chirombo chachikulu cha nkhosa.Mizere yonse imakhala ndi jini yowonetsera mapuloteni a fulorosenti.M'mizere yonse 12 yolumikizidwa ndi X, mphutsi zazikazi zimawonetsa kuwala kowala kuposa mphutsi zazimuna, kutanthauza kuti jini yojambulira silipidwa.Izi zatsimikiziridwa ndi kuchuluka kwa RT-PCR pamizere yosankhidwa.Kuti tidziwe ngati chibadwa cha X-olumikizidwa jini chikulipidwa mlingo, tidapatula majini 8 omwe ali ma gene omwe ali pa chromosome yachinayi mu D. melanogaster.Umboni waposachedwapa ukusonyeza kuti D. melanogaster four chromosome, kapena Muller element F, ndi X chromosome ya makolo ku Diptera yomwe yabwerera ku autosome mu mitundu ya Drosophila.Timasonyeza mwa kuchuluka kwa PCR ya DNA ya mwamuna ndi mkazi kuti 6 mwa 8 mwa magulu 8 olumikizana a gulu F amakhala pa X chromosome mu L. cuprina.Ma jini ena awiri a Muller element F adapezeka kuti ndi autosomal mu L. cuprina, pomwe ma jini awiri a Muller element B adapezeka m'chigawo chimodzi cha X chromosome monga L. cuprina orthologs ya D. melanogaster Ephrin ndi gawky gene.Timapeza kuti L. cuprina X jini kromozomu amasonyezedwa mofanana amuna ndi akazi (ie, mokwanira mlingo kulipidwa).Chifukwa chake, mosiyana ndi Drosophila, zikuwoneka kuti dongosolo la chipukuta misozi la Lucilia ndilokhazikika pamtundu wa X chromosome ndipo silingagwirizane ndi ma transgenes omwe angofika kumene.