Zogulitsa

Ivermectin (Cardomec, Eqvalan, Ivomec) ndi chisakanizo cha 22,23-dihydro zotumphukira za avermectins B1a ndi B1bzokonzedwa ndi catalytic hydrogenation.Avermectins ndi mamembala a banja la maantibayotiki ovuta omwe amapangidwa ndi kupesa ndi mtundu wa Streptomycesavermitilis.Kupeza kwawo kudachitika chifukwa chofufuza mozama za zikhalidwe za mankhwala anthelmintic ochokera ku zachilengedwe.Ivermectin imagwira ntchito mulingo wocheperako motsutsana ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nematodes ndi arthropods kuti parasitizenyama.
Ivermectin lakwaniritsa ambiri ntchito Chowona Zanyama ku United States ndi mayiko ambiri padziko lonse kulamulira endoparasites ndi ectoparasitesin ziweto zoweta.Zapezeka zothandiza pochiza onchocerciasis (“khungu la mtsinje”) mwa anthu, matenda ofunikira obwera chifukwa cha mphutsi zozungulira, zofala ku West ndi Central Africa, Middle East, ndi South ndi Central America. Ivermectin imawononga ma microfilariae, osakhwima Mitundu ya nematode, yomwe imapanga pakhungu ndi timinofu tambiri tomwe timakhala tomwe timayambitsa matendawa ndipo titha kuchititsa khungu. Zimalepheretsanso kutulutsidwa kwa ma microfilariae ndi nyongolotsi zazikulu zomwe zimakhala mnyumbamo.Kafukufuku wokhudza momwe ivermectin imagwirira ntchito akuwonetsa kuti imatchinga kufalikira kwa interneuron-motor neuron mu nematodes polimbikitsa kutulutsidwa kwa GABA yoletsa neurotransmitter.

Ivermectin imakhala ndi zochitika zambiri zomwe zimatha kukhudza nematodes, tizilombo, ndi tizilombo ta acarine.Ndi mankhwala omwe amasankhidwa pa onchocerciasis ndipo ndiwothandiza kwambiri pochiza mitundu ina ya filariasis, strongyloidiasis, ascariasis, loiasis, ndi mphutsi zamtundu wina.Imagwiranso ntchito kwambiri polimbana ndi nthata zosiyanasiyana.Ndi mankhwala osankhidwa pochiza anthu omwe ali ndi matenda a Onchocerca volvulus, omwe amagwira ntchito ngati mankhwala a microfilaricidal motsutsana ndi mphutsi zokhala pakhungu (microfilaria).Kuchiza kwapachaka kungalepheretse khungu ku onchocerciasis.Ivermectin ndi yothandiza kwambiri kuposa diethylcarbamazine mu bancroftian filariasis, ndipo imachepetsa microfilaremia mpaka pafupi ndi ziro.Mu brugian filariasis, chilolezo chopangidwa ndi diethylcarbamazine chingakhale chopambana.Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito pochiza mphutsi zakumaso komanso kufalitsa strongyloidiasis.Kugwiritsa ntchito kwake kotetezeka pa mimba sikunakhazikitsidwe kwathunthu.