Zogulitsa

Trimethoprim ndi lipophilic ndi ofooka zamchere pyrimethamine kalasi bacteriostatic wothandizira.Ndi ufa woyera kapena pafupifupi woyera wa crystalline, wopanda fungo, wowawa, komanso wosungunuka pang'ono mu chloroform, ethanol kapena acetone, koma pafupifupi wosasungunuka m'madzi ndipo umasungunuka kwambiri mu glacial acetic acid solution.Lili ndi antibacterial spectrum yomwe ili yofanana ndi mankhwala a sulfa, koma ndi mphamvu ya antibacterial.Zimakhala ndi zotsatira zabwino pochiza Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, ndi mabakiteriya osiyanasiyana a gram-positive ndi negative.Koma sizothandiza polimbana ndi matenda a Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Ake osachepera chopinga ndende nthawi zambiri zosakwana 10 mg/L ndi ntchito yekha kukhala zosavuta chifukwa bakiteriya kukana, choncho nthawi zambiri osati ntchito yekha, ndipo makamaka pamodzi ndi sulfa mankhwala kupanga pawiri kukonzekera mankhwala a mkodzo thirakiti matenda, m`mimba. matenda, kupuma, kamwazi, enteritis, typhoid fever, meningitis, otitis media, meningitis, sepsis ndi matenda a minofu yofewa.Lili ndi mphamvu pa kuchiza typhoid ndi paratyphoid kwenikweni amene si osachepera ampicillin;Angathenso kuphatikizidwa ndi mankhwala a sulfa omwe akhala akugwira ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali popewa komanso kuchiza malungo osamva mankhwala a falciparum.

Mfundo yayikulu ya antibacterial ya trimethoprim ndikusokoneza folate metabolism mu mabakiteriya.Njira yayikulu yochitirapo kanthu ndikuletsa kosankha kwa dihydrofolate reductase mu mabakiteriya kuti dihydrofolate isatsitsidwe kukhala tetrahydrofolate.Popeza synthesis wa kupatsidwa folic acid ndi mbali yaikulu ya nucleic asidi biosynthesis, choncho mankhwala kupewa bakiteriya nucleic zidulo ndi mapuloteni synthesis.Kuphatikiza apo, kuyanjana kwa trimethoprim (TMP) ku bakiteriya dihydrofolate reductase enzyme kumakhala kolimba kasanu kuposa kwa mammalian dihydrofolate reductase.Kuphatikiza pakati pa mankhwalawa ndi mankhwala a sulfa kungayambitse kutsekeka kwapawiri kwa folic acid biosynthesis metabolism ya mabakiteriya kuti pakhale synergistic zotsatira zomwe zingapangitse ntchito ya antibacterial ya mankhwala a sulfa, ndipo imatha kutembenukira ku antibacterial ku bactericidal zotsatira zomwe zimachepetsa kusamva kwa mankhwala. zovuta.Kuonjezera apo, mankhwalawa amathanso kupititsa patsogolo zotsatira za antibacterial za mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maantibayotiki (monga tetracycline, gentamicin).